It is said in the Prometheus commentary that Holloway would have become like Fifield, and Fifield would have become like the exploding Engineer head they found.
The individuals in the population of "Planet 4" exploded in pretty similar ways to my eyes.
All the corpses on LV-223 aside from the head, are similarly petrified, and full of holes all over the body.
Pretty easy to extrapolate the causality from the Pathogen imo.